Near-surface wind speed is typically only measured by point observations. The actively heated fiber-optic (AHFO) technique, however, has the potential to provide high-resolution distributed observations of wind speeds, allowing for better spatial characterization of. Aspects of the present disclosure describe distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) systems, methods, and structures that advantageously measure wind speed at utility poles that support fiber optic cables and in many applications electrical and / or other communications cables (i. ), bodies of water, and the vegetative cover. Zhang, "Fiber-optical wind speed sensing system," in Asia Communications and Photonics Conference/International Conference on Information Photonics and Optical Communications 2020 (ACP/IPOC), K. This PhD thesis evaluates the practical construction and use of a Fre-quency Stepped Pulse Train modulated coherent Doppler wind lidar (FSPT lidar) for wind speed measurement. The concept of Doppler lidar is introduced as a means to measure line of sight wind speed by the Doppler shift of re ected. Wind speed measurement in forestry, agriculture, industry and other fields have an inestimable role. Traditional anemometers have some problems, such as low monitoring sensitivity, sensitivity to external environment interference, poor structural stability and high price.